Improvement in tubes and flues for steam-boilers



' in Tubes and Flues for Steam-Boilers; and! I 4 ing the draft, whether in horizontal or vertiv and whirl in the hue between the stops, and

. UNITED? S'r rns PATENT crime s. DEAN, or" cnowmnn, CANADA;

IMPROVEMENT IN TUB ESS AND trues FOR STEAM-sources.-

Speciiicatiou forming part of Letters Patent No. 17 2,302, dated January 18, i876; application July 1,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, (Jrnus S. DEAN, of Crowland, in the countyol' Welland, Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have inven ted certain new and useful Improvements do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and. exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains toinake and use the same, refer ence being had to the accompanying drawing, and to'thc letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

In steam-boilers where the products of coinbustin pass through .t ubular ilues surrounded by water, the products of combustion followcal boilers, decrease or tn per toward their exit, so that those portions of the tubular pipes reinote from the fire-chamber are not suiiicieutl y heated, and between unequal boiiing' takes place, the portions of the tubular pipes next to the fire-chamber being the hottest, and in very long boilers the exit extremities of the fines are of very little use. i remedy this defeet by combining in the tubular pipes or fines a series of cylindrical stops'ut suitable distances apart, andoi' a diameter only suiiicicnt- 1y less than that of the tubular flues to permit the flames to pass over them. These stops are strung upon a pipe extending from the front one of-thc series, in which it is embodded through the smoke-stack box into the open air or an air-chamber, where it receives air or heated air, which passes into the flue through perforations therein immediately in rear of each stop, and unites with the flame, and aids the cornbustion. The cylindrical stops being of less diameter than the tines are supported therein by wings either upon .t f surface of the stops or upon the rod or to, 2., {The products of combustion pass from th elli nechamber into theflues, and striking tifie conical front of the ,first stop are crowded .into the annular spaccbetween said {stop and the inn nerwalls of the tubular flue; thence diying and receiving additional fuel from the heated airr'ol' the central pipe they are in a measure held back by the front end oi the next stop,

thus pass over all the stops of the series, be ing, as it were, retarded and replenished be-., tween between each stop of the series, yett-heflame is continuous. Thus it is that the pro-.

ducts of combustion are forced to impinge alike upon the whole interior surface of the fines, while the stops serves also as radiators of the heat, and in their double function'utilize to thei'ullest extent the heat passing through the lines...

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 'i represents a section of a horizontal tubular boiler embracing my invention; Fig. 2-,a'longit'udinal section through one of the tubular flue-pipes of the series; Fig. 3, a detail view, in perspective, of one of the stops strung upon the carrying stem or rod; and Fi 4', a crosssection through Fig. 2, the three latter views being on enlarged'soales;

1n the tubular flue-pipes aoi' the boiler I pass a central pipe or hollow stem, 1), which. carries, at intervals, which experience why approve,(preferably about twenty-two iuches,)' a series of lire-stops or arresters, c, which may"; be of cast-iron, fire-brick clay,or any fire-proof inateriaL. These stops 0 are cylindrical in form, and have their fronts or ends 0 facing the onset of the flames of conical form, so asto permit of its refraction upward and over their peripheries. Said stops are of a diame-. ter sullicien'tly less than the diameter of the. tubular flues a, which inclose them-to permit oi the passage of the flames between their peripheries and the inner walls of said dues, and to admit of-frce dral't. They arrest the flame, and cause it toilive and whirl in the free space between each, and thus to impinge upon the whole inner surface of the tubular lines, and insure a erfect and uniform heating of the water in l cboiler, in pursuance of \vhichthc stops also serve as radiators oi the heat. They are supported i the tines by the stem or'pipe 0, upon \i hichtfcy are strung, and by wings j d" cast with born 'or placcdupon the pipe,.and by which Marc kept at an even distance from the in gel walls of the fines, so as to secure an arrnuians'pace for the passage of the products of'coiubustiou over the stops. The first one or the tubular stops is placed a little back of the tubular flue entrance, so as to permit of the ingress of full flame. The hollow stein'or pipe 1), upon' which the stops (2 are strung, enteuds from -the 'first stop, in which it-is emb'edded, on through the seriesof stops and the boiler-flue through 'thesinoke-stack box to theo'pen air, or into an air-chamber, from 'whence it-.-receive's air or heated air, which passes into the fines through openings e in saidhollow stem immediately in the 'rear of each around the next stop, and so on throughout stop, and adds fuel to the products of combustion; Thus the flames, passingoverand around thefirststop from theme-chamber, dive and receiveadditional fuelfrom theheated' air passing through the hollow stem,'which is con-' sinned, and, whirling and impinging upon all sides 'of the inner flue Within'the space between this stop and thenext, pass over and sired, and the supporting-Wing's d may be se-' cured'like spokes upon the red, as their only function is to sustain the stops-in their central position. The stops and their rod or tube may be removed together from the fines, when desired, for any purpose.

-1.. The combination, with the tubes or lines I izagaoaf k a rod and a of a tubular boiled-oi a series of firestops, c, of less diameter than the inside of the tubes, and intermediate spaces thereby fcrmed,whereby the flame and products" of combustion are held or retarded in their passage through the flues within said-spaces and between the stops, for the'pnrposeofequalizing the heat throughout the dues, and constituting radiators within said fines.

2. A series of fire-stops, c, strung upon a pipe or. stem, b, centrally within the tubes-or fines-a ofa tubular boiler, to receive and arrestby turns the impingement of the body of the heat andflame while permitting of a continuous passage thereof through said flues.

3. The combination, with the fire-stops cand 'the intervening spaces, of the perforated hoilow tubesb e, upon which the stops 0 are se cured, for conducting air from the outer side directly within the fines, and within the spaces between the fire-stops for supplying oxygen to increase and contin ne the combustion within,the fl'u'es'. v

4. The fire-stop a, provided with double conical ends tofacilitate the cleaning of the tubes 'by'steam-jetsfrom either or both ends of the flues. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses".

CYRUS s. DEAN.

"Witnesses: I

v A. E. 1H. JOHNSON,

J. W. HAmLToN JOHNSON. 

